6亿数据秒级查询，ClickHouse太快了！
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来源：cnblogs.com/asimov/p/14546106.html文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
服务器信息文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Clickhouse信息文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
测试情况文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
数据量和空间占用文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询性能测试详情文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
性能测试结果汇总文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
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clickhouse 在数据分析技术领域早已声名远扬，如果还不知道可以 点这里 了解下。文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
最近由于项目需求使用到了 clickhouse 做分析数据库，于是用测试环境做了一个单表 6 亿数据量的性能测试，记录一下测试结果，有做超大数据量分析技术选型需求的朋友可以参考下。文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
服务器信息
CPU：Intel Xeon Gold 6240 @ 8x 2.594GHz文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
内存：32G文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
系统：CentOS 7.6文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Linux内核版本：3.10.0文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
磁盘类型：机械硬盘文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
文件系统：ext4文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Clickhouse信息
部署方式：单机部署文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
版本：20.8.11.17文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
测试情况
测试数据和测试方法来自 clickshouse 官方的 Star Schema Benchmark文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
按照官方指导造出了测试数据之后，先看一下数据量和空间占用情况。文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
数据量和空间占用
| 表名 | 列数 | 数据行数 | 原始大小 | 压缩大小 | 压缩率 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supplier | 6 | 200,000 | 11.07 MiB | 7.53 MiB | 68 |
| customer | 7 | 3,000,000 | 168.83 MiB | 114.72 MiB | 68 |
| part | 8 | 1,400,000 | 34.29 MiB | 24.08 MiB | 70 |
| lineorder | 16 | 600,037,902 | 24.03 GiB | 16.67 GiB | 69 |
| lineorder_flat | 37 | 688,552,212 | 111.38 GiB | 61.05 GiB | 55 |
可以看到 clickhouse 的压缩率很高，压缩率都在 50 以上，基本可以达到 70 左右。数据体积的减小可以非常有效的减少磁盘空间占用、提高 I/O 性能，这对整体查询性能的提升非常有效。文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
supplier、customer、part、lineorder 为一个简单的「供应商-客户-订单-地区」的星型模型，lineorder_flat 为根据这个星型模型数据关系合并的大宽表，所有分析都直接在这张大宽表中执行，减少不必要的表关联，符合我们实际工作中的分析建表逻辑。文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
以下性能测试的所有分析 SQL 都在这张大宽表中运行，未进行表关联查询。文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询性能测试详情
Query 1.1
SELECT sum(LO_EXTENDEDPRICE * LO_DISCOUNT) AS revenueFROM lineorder_flatWHERE (toYear(LO_ORDERDATE) = 1993) AND ((LO_DISCOUNT >= 1) AND (LO_DISCOUNT <= 3)) AND (LO_QUANTITY < 25) ┌────────revenue─┐│ 44652567249651 │└────────────────┘1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.242 sec. Processed 91.01 million rows, 728.06 MB (375.91 million rows/s., 3.01 GB/s.)扫描行数：91,010,000大约9100万文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
耗时(秒)：0.242文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询列数：2文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
结果行数：1文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Query 1.2
SELECT sum(LO_EXTENDEDPRICE * LO_DISCOUNT) AS revenueFROM lineorder_flatWHERE (toYYYYMM(LO_ORDERDATE) = 199401) AND ((LO_DISCOUNT >= 4) AND (LO_DISCOUNT <= 6)) AND ((LO_QUANTITY >= 26) AND (LO_QUANTITY <= 35)) ┌───────revenue─┐│ 9624332170119 │└───────────────┘1 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.040 sec. Processed 7.75 million rows, 61.96 MB (191.44 million rows/s., 1.53 GB/s.)扫描行数：7,750,000775万文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
耗时(秒)：0.040文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询列数：2文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
返回行数：1文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Query 2.1
SELECT sum(LO_REVENUE), toYear(LO_ORDERDATE) AS year, P_BRANDFROM lineorder_flatWHERE (P_CATEGORY = 'MFGR#12') AND (S_REGION = 'AMERICA')GROUP BY year, P_BRANDORDER BY year ASC, P_BRAND ASC ┌─sum(LO_REVENUE)─┬─year─┬─P_BRAND───┐ │ 64420005618 │ 1992 │ MFGR#121 │ │ 63389346096 │ 1992 │ MFGR#1210 │ │ ........... │ .... │ ..........│ │ 39679892915 │ 1998 │ MFGR#128 │ │ 35300513083 │ 1998 │ MFGR#129 │ └─────────────────┴──────┴───────────┘ 280 rows in set. Elapsed: 8.558 sec. Processed 600.04 million rows, 6.20 GB (70.11 million rows/s., 725.04 MB/s.)扫描行数：600,040,000大约6亿文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
耗时(秒)：8.558文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询列数：3文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
结果行数：280文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Query 2.2
SELECT sum(LO_REVENUE), toYear(LO_ORDERDATE) AS year, P_BRANDFROM lineorder_flatWHERE ((P_BRAND >= 'MFGR#2221') AND (P_BRAND <= 'MFGR#2228')) AND (S_REGION = 'ASIA')GROUP BY year, P_BRANDORDER BY year ASC, P_BRAND ASC ┌─sum(LO_REVENUE)─┬─year─┬─P_BRAND───┐ │ 66450349438 │ 1992 │ MFGR#2221 │ │ 65423264312 │ 1992 │ MFGR#2222 │ │ ........... │ .... │ ......... │ │ 39907545239 │ 1998 │ MFGR#2227 │ │ 40654201840 │ 1998 │ MFGR#2228 │ └─────────────────┴──────┴───────────┘ 56 rows in set. Elapsed: 1.242 sec. Processed 600.04 million rows, 5.60 GB (482.97 million rows/s., 4.51 GB/s.)扫描行数：600,040,000大约6亿文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
耗时(秒)：1.242文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询列数：3文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
结果行数：56文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Query 3.1
SELECT C_NATION, S_NATION, toYear(LO_ORDERDATE) AS year, sum(LO_REVENUE) AS revenueFROM lineorder_flatWHERE (C_REGION = 'ASIA') AND (S_REGION = 'ASIA') AND (year >= 1992) AND (year <= 1997)GROUP BY C_NATION, S_NATION, yearORDER BY year ASC, revenue DESC ┌─C_NATION──┬─S_NATION──┬─year─┬──────revenue─┐ │ INDIA │ INDIA │ 1992 │ 537778456208 │ │ INDONESIA │ INDIA │ 1992 │ 536684093041 │ │ ..... │ ....... │ .... │ ............ │ │ CHINA │ CHINA │ 1997 │ 525562838002 │ │ JAPAN │ VIETNAM │ 1997 │ 525495763677 │ └───────────┴───────────┴──────┴──────────────┘ 150 rows in set. Elapsed: 3.533 sec. Processed 546.67 million rows, 5.48 GB (154.72 million rows/s., 1.55 GB/s.)扫描行数：546,670,000大约5亿4千多万文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
耗时(秒)：3.533文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询列数：4文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
结果行数：150文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Query 3.2
SELECT C_CITY, S_CITY, toYear(LO_ORDERDATE) AS year, sum(LO_REVENUE) AS revenueFROM lineorder_flatWHERE (C_NATION = 'UNITED STATES') AND (S_NATION = 'UNITED STATES') AND (year >= 1992) AND (year <= 1997)GROUP BY C_CITY, S_CITY, yearORDER BY year ASC, revenue DESC ┌─C_CITY─────┬─S_CITY─────┬─year─┬────revenue─┐ │ UNITED ST6 │ UNITED ST6 │ 1992 │ 5694246807 │ │ UNITED ST0 │ UNITED ST0 │ 1992 │ 5676049026 │ │ .......... │ .......... │ .... │ .......... │ │ UNITED ST9 │ UNITED ST9 │ 1997 │ 4836163349 │ │ UNITED ST9 │ UNITED ST5 │ 1997 │ 4769919410 │ └────────────┴────────────┴──────┴────────────┘ 600 rows in set. Elapsed: 1.000 sec. Processed 546.67 million rows, 5.56 GB (546.59 million rows/s., 5.56 GB/s.)扫描行数：546,670,000大约5亿4千多万文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
耗时(秒)：1.00文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询列数：4文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
结果行数：600文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Query 4.1
SELECT toYear(LO_ORDERDATE) AS year, C_NATION, sum(LO_REVENUE - LO_SUPPLYCOST) AS profitFROM lineorder_flatWHERE (C_REGION = 'AMERICA') AND (S_REGION = 'AMERICA') AND ((P_MFGR = 'MFGR#1') OR (P_MFGR = 'MFGR#2'))GROUP BY year, C_NATIONORDER BY year ASC, C_NATION ASC ┌─year─┬─C_NATION──────┬────────profit─┐ │ 1992 │ ARGENTINA │ 1041983042066 │ │ 1992 │ BRAZIL │ 1031193572794 │ │ .... │ ...... │ ............ │ │ 1998 │ PERU │ 603980044827 │ │ 1998 │ UNITED STATES │ 605069471323 │ └──────┴───────────────┴───────────────┘ 35 rows in set. Elapsed: 5.066 sec. Processed 600.04 million rows, 8.41 GB (118.43 million rows/s., 1.66 GB/s.)扫描行数：600,040,000大约6亿文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
耗时(秒)：5.066文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询列数：4文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
结果行数：35文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
Query 4.2
SELECT toYear(LO_ORDERDATE) AS year, S_NATION, P_CATEGORY, sum(LO_REVENUE - LO_SUPPLYCOST) AS profitFROM lineorder_flatWHERE (C_REGION = 'AMERICA') AND (S_REGION = 'AMERICA') AND ((year = 1997) OR (year = 1998)) AND ((P_MFGR = 'MFGR#1') OR (P_MFGR = 'MFGR#2'))GROUP BY year, S_NATION, P_CATEGORYORDER BY year ASC, S_NATION ASC, P_CATEGORY ASC ┌─year─┬─S_NATION──────┬─P_CATEGORY─┬───────profit─┐ │ 1997 │ ARGENTINA │ MFGR#11 │ 102369950215 │ │ 1997 │ ARGENTINA │ MFGR#12 │ 103052774082 │ │ .... │ ......... │ ....... │ ............ │ │ 1998 │ UNITED STATES │ MFGR#24 │ 60779388345 │ │ 1998 │ UNITED STATES │ MFGR#25 │ 60042710566 │ └──────┴───────────────┴────────────┴──────────────┘ 100 rows in set. Elapsed: 0.826 sec. Processed 144.42 million rows, 2.17 GB (174.78 million rows/s., 2.63 GB/s.)扫描行数：144,420,000大约1亿4千多万文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
耗时(秒)：0.826文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
查询列数：4文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
结果行数：100文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
性能测试结果汇总
| 查询语句 | SQL简要说明 | 扫描行数 | 返回行数 | 查询列数 | 耗时(秒) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1.1 | 乘积、汇总、4个条件、首次运行 | 91,010,000 | 1 | 2 | 0.242 |
| Q1.2 | Q1.1增加1个条件运行 | 7,750,000 | 1 | 2 | 0.040 |
| Q2.1 | 汇总、函数、2列分组、2列排序、首次运行 | 600,040,000 | 280 | 3 | 8.558 |
| Q2.2 | Q2.1增加1个条件运行 | 600,040,000 | 56 | 3 | 1.242 |
| Q3.1 | 汇总、函数、3列分组、2列排序、首次运行 | 546,670,000 | 150 | 4 | 3.533 |
| Q3.2 | Q3.1更换条件运行 | 546,670,000 | 600 | 4 | 1 |
| Q4.1 | 相减、汇总、函数、2列分组、2列排序、首次运行 | 600,040,000 | 35 | 4 | 5.006 |
| Q4.2 | Q4.1增加2个条件运行 | 144,420,000 | 100 | 4 | 0.826 |
在当前软硬件环境下，扫描 6 亿多行数据，常见的分析语句首次运行最慢在 8 秒左右能返回结果，相同的分析逻辑更换条件再次查询的时候效率有明显的提升，可以缩短到 1 秒左右，如果只是简单的列查询没有加减乘除、聚合等逻辑，扫描全表 6 亿多行数据首次查询基本可以在 2 秒内执行完成。文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/9085.html
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