大意了 SpringBoot中 线程池,这次真会用了!
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大家好,我是磊哥。文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
前两天做项目的时候,想提高一下插入表的性能优化,因为是两张表,先插旧的表,紧接着插新的表,一万多条数据就有点慢了文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
后面就想到了线程池
ThreadPoolExecutor
,而用的是Spring Boot项目,可以用Spring提供的对ThreadPoolExecutor
封装的线程池ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
,直接使用注解启用文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
使用步骤
先创建一个线程池的配置,让Spring Boot加载,用来定义如何创建一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor
,要使用@Configuration
和@EnableAsync
这两个注解,表示这是个配置类,并且是线程池的配置类文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
@Configuration@EnableAsyncpublic class ExecutorConfig { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExecutorConfig.class); @Value("${async.executor.thread.core_pool_size}") private int corePoolSize; @Value("${async.executor.thread.max_pool_size}") private int maxPoolSize; @Value("${async.executor.thread.queue_capacity}") private int queueCapacity; @Value("${async.executor.thread.name.prefix}") private String namePrefix; @Bean(name = "asyncServiceExecutor") public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() { logger.info("start asyncServiceExecutor"); ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); //配置核心线程数 executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize); //配置最大线程数 executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize); //配置队列大小 executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity); //配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀 executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix); // rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务 // CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行 executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy()); //执行初始化 executor.initialize(); return executor; }}
@Value
是我配置在application.properties
,可以参考配置,自由定义文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
# 异步线程配置# 配置核心线程数async.executor.thread.core_pool_size = 5# 配置最大线程数async.executor.thread.max_pool_size = 5# 配置队列大小async.executor.thread.queue_capacity = 99999# 配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀async.executor.thread.name.prefix = async-service-
创建一个Service接口,是异步线程的接口文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
public interface AsyncService { /** * 执行异步任务 * 可以根据需求,自己加参数拟定,我这里就做个测试演示 */ void executeAsync();}
实现类文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
@Servicepublic class AsyncServiceImpl implements AsyncService { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AsyncServiceImpl.class); @Override @Async("asyncServiceExecutor") public void executeAsync() { logger.info("start executeAsync"); System.out.println("异步线程要做的事情"); System.out.println("可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情"); logger.info("end executeAsync"); }}
将Service层的服务异步化,在executeAsync()
方法上增加注解@Async("asyncServiceExecutor")
,asyncServiceExecutor
方法是前面ExecutorConfig.java中的方法名,表明executeAsync
方法进入的线程池是asyncServiceExecutor
方法创建的文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
接下来就是在Controller里或者是哪里通过注解@Autowired
注入这个Service文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
@Autowiredprivate AsyncService asyncService;@GetMapping("/async")public void async(){ asyncService.executeAsync();}
用postmain或者其他工具来多次测试请求一下文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
2021-04-16 22:15:47.655 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-5] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync异步线程要做的事情可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情2021-04-16 22:15:47.655 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-5] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync2021-04-16 22:15:47.770 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync异步线程要做的事情可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情2021-04-16 22:15:47.770 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync2021-04-16 22:15:47.816 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync异步线程要做的事情可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情2021-04-16 22:15:47.816 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync2021-04-16 22:15:48.833 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync异步线程要做的事情可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情2021-04-16 22:15:48.834 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync2021-04-16 22:15:48.986 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync异步线程要做的事情可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情2021-04-16 22:15:48.987 INFO 10516 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
通过以上日志可以发现,[async-service-]
是有多个线程的,显然已经在我们配置的线程池中执行了,并且每次请求中,controller的起始和结束日志都是连续打印的,表明每次请求都快速响应了,而耗时的操作都留给线程池中的线程去异步执行;文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
虽然我们已经用上了线程池,但是还不清楚线程池当时的情况,有多少线程在执行,多少在队列中等待呢?这里我创建了一个ThreadPoolTaskExecutor的子类,在每次提交线程的时候都会将当前线程池的运行状况打印出来文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;import org.springframework.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture;import java.util.concurrent.Callable;import java.util.concurrent.Future;import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;/** * @Author: ChenBin */public class VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor extends ThreadPoolTaskExecutor { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor.class); private void showThreadPoolInfo(String prefix) { ThreadPoolExecutor threadPoolExecutor = getThreadPoolExecutor(); if (null == threadPoolExecutor) { return; } logger.info("{}, {},taskCount [{}], completedTaskCount [{}], activeCount [{}], queueSize [{}]", this.getThreadNamePrefix(), prefix, threadPoolExecutor.getTaskCount(), threadPoolExecutor.getCompletedTaskCount(), threadPoolExecutor.getActiveCount(), threadPoolExecutor.getQueue().size()); } @Override public void execute(Runnable task) { showThreadPoolInfo("1. do execute"); super.execute(task); } @Override public void execute(Runnable task, long startTimeout) { showThreadPoolInfo("2. do execute"); super.execute(task, startTimeout); } @Override public Future<?> submit(Runnable task) { showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submit"); return super.submit(task); } @Override public <T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task) { showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submit"); return super.submit(task); } @Override public ListenableFuture<?> submitListenable(Runnable task) { showThreadPoolInfo("1. do submitListenable"); return super.submitListenable(task); } @Override public <T> ListenableFuture<T> submitListenable(Callable<T> task) { showThreadPoolInfo("2. do submitListenable"); return super.submitListenable(task); }}
如上所示,showThreadPoolInfo方法中将任务总数、已完成数、活跃线程数,队列大小都打印出来了,然后Override了父类的execute、submit等方法,在里面调用showThreadPoolInfo方法,这样每次有任务被提交到线程池的时候,都会将当前线程池的基本情况打印到日志中;文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
修改ExecutorConfig.java
的asyncServiceExecutor
方法,将ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor()
改为ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor()
文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
@Bean(name = "asyncServiceExecutor") public Executor asyncServiceExecutor() { logger.info("start asyncServiceExecutor"); //在这里修改 ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); //配置核心线程数 executor.setCorePoolSize(corePoolSize); //配置最大线程数 executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize); //配置队列大小 executor.setQueueCapacity(queueCapacity); //配置线程池中的线程的名称前缀 executor.setThreadNamePrefix(namePrefix); // rejection-policy:当pool已经达到max size的时候,如何处理新任务 // CALLER_RUNS:不在新线程中执行任务,而是有调用者所在的线程来执行 executor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy()); //执行初始化 executor.initialize(); return executor; }
再次启动该工程测试文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
2021-04-16 22:23:30.951 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-2] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [0], completedTaskCount [0], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]2021-04-16 22:23:30.952 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync异步线程要做的事情可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情2021-04-16 22:23:30.953 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-1] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync2021-04-16 22:23:31.351 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-3] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [1], completedTaskCount [1], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]2021-04-16 22:23:31.353 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync异步线程要做的事情可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情2021-04-16 22:23:31.353 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-2] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync2021-04-16 22:23:31.927 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-5] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [2], completedTaskCount [2], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]2021-04-16 22:23:31.929 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync异步线程要做的事情可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情2021-04-16 22:23:31.930 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-3] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync2021-04-16 22:23:32.496 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-7] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [3], completedTaskCount [3], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]2021-04-16 22:23:32.498 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : start executeAsync异步线程要做的事情可以在这里执行批量插入等耗时的事情2021-04-16 22:23:32.499 INFO 14088 --- [async-service-4] c.u.d.e.executor.impl.AsyncServiceImpl : end executeAsync
注意这一行日志:文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
2021-04-16 22:23:32.496 INFO 14088 --- [nio-8087-exec-7] u.d.e.e.i.VisiableThreadPoolTaskExecutor : async-service-, 2. do submit,taskCount [3], completedTaskCount [3], activeCount [0], queueSize [0]
这说明提交任务到线程池的时候,调用的是submit(Callable task)这个方法,当前已经提交了3个任务,完成了3个,当前有0个线程在处理任务,还剩0个任务在队列中等待,线程池的基本情况一路了然;文章源自JAVA秀-https://www.javaxiu.com/43601.html
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